We’ve been blogging recently about chocolate milk.  One of our readers commented with a question about Ovaltine as an option to sweeten milk .

Ovaltine is a milk flavoring invented in Switzerland more than a hundred years ago. The original formula contained eggs, malt, and a bit of cocoa. It then reached the UK and eventually the US, with each country using a different formula adapted to national preferences.

In the US today, Ovaltine is sold in 2 flavors – Malt and Rich Chocolate. Ovaltine is owned by Nestle (makers of Nesquik) and we checked their website for product info.

Here is our analysis. Read more…

This is a guest post by Melissa Marek, RD LD

Fiber is an extremely important part of your daily diet. Its best known benefit is its ability to help keep our bowels moving. Eating enough fiber will help prevent constipation. The added benefit is that it also plays a role in protecting against diseases such as diabetes, heart disease and cancer. If that isn’t enough reason to get a daily dose of fiber, it also helps with weight management by helping to keep you fuller longer.

In order to make sure you are getting enough fiber, it helps to understand where it comes from and where you can find it. Fiber comes mainly from plant cell walls, the parts that cannot be digested by the enzymes of the GI tract. For that reason, fiber can be found in plant foods such as fruits, vegetables, and grains.

To best benefit from fiber, the recommended daily amount is 21-25 grams per day for women and 30-38 grams per day for men. This is not a difficult goal to meet, but remember that when adding fiber to your diet, you will need to increase your fiber intake slowly and more importantly, increase your fluids. If you don’t drink enough fluids you may suffer from constipation, the very thing that fiber helps alleviate.

To better comprehend the benefits of fiber and how to best meet daily requirements, it helps to understand that there are different types of fiber. They come from different sources and, accordingly, help with different things.

SOLUBLE FIBER may help lower blood cholesterol, especially LDL (bad) cholesterol. It also helps control blood sugar in people with diabetes. You can get soluble fiber from oats, oat bran, dried beans and peas, nuts, barley, flax seed, oranges, apples, carrots, and psyllium husk.

INSOLUBLE FIBER moves bulk through the intestines, which helps prevent constipation. It also controls and balances the pH in your intestines. Insoluble fiber can be found in fruit skins, root vegetable skins, dark green leafy vegetables, whole wheat products, corn bran, seeds and nuts.

Soluble fiber, as it name alludes, becomes a jelly-like mass when mixed with water and ferments in the intestinal tract, but insoluble fiber just absorbs the water and bulks up stool.

The term DIETARY FIBER, which appears on nutrition facts labels is merely a sum of the soluble and insoluble fiber content in a product, per serving.

A common source of fiber is whole grain. Whole grain refers to the entire grain seed (bran, germ, & endosperm).  Whole grain foods are an important source of not only fiber, but also of vitamins, minerals and other health-promoting compounds that you won’t find in a refined grain.

HOW MUCH SHOULD I BE EATING?

According to the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 3 or more ounce-equivalents of whole grain products per day is ideal. You can meet this requirement by adding barley, buckwheat, bulgur, corn, millet, rice, rye, oats, sorghum, wheat and wild rice to your daily diet.

What does a one-ounce equivalent of whole grains look like?

• 1 slice 100% whole grain bread
• 1/2 of a 100% whole grain English muffin or bagel
• ½ cup hot cooked oatmeal (Rolled oats or quick oats)
• 2 cups popped popcorn
• 1 ounce baked tortilla chips (About 15 chips)
• 1/3 cup cooked whole wheat pasta
• 1/3 cup cooked brown rice, bulgur, sorghum, or barley

TIPS TO INCREASE YOUR FIBER INTAKE:

• Sprinkle flax meal, wheat germ,  or nuts/seeds onto your cereal, cottage cheese, yogurt, or even frozen yogurt
• Add fresh or dried fruits to your cereal or yogurt
• Substitute whole wheat flour for at least 1/3 of the all purpose flour in baked goods
• Add frozen vegetables to soups or casseroles
• Add beans into a salad, soup, or stew
• Cut prunes into pieces and mix them into yogurt, cereal, or pancake mix

What to do at the supermarket:

Packaging for fiber rich foods now often contain a label promoting its fiber content. These labels make finding fiber-rich foods easy so shoppers don’t have to go through the hassle of checking out the food label or searching for the fiber content. But what do these regulated fiber claims mean exactly?

• 100% Whole Grain or 100% Whole Wheat: The product doesn’t have any refined white flour
• Good source of fiber:  There are at least 3g per serving
• Excellent source of fiber:  There are at least 5g per serving
• When reading the ingredient statement, a whole grain should be listed FIRST!

Here’s a handy list of fiber rich products:

• Oats
• Oat bran
• Grains (Barley, bulgur, Kasha, Amaranth, Quinoa, Couscous)
• Polenta
• Brown rice
• Whole wheat breads and pastas
• Fresh fruits (Oranges, pears, dried figs, apples, berries, raisins)
  —> Choose whole fruits (fresh, frozen, or dried) over juices, which have most of the fiber removed
• Fresh vegetables (Winter squash, peas, eggplant, beets, cabbage, broccoli, artichoke hearts, corn)
• Potatoes & sweet potatoes
• Dried beans
• Nuts

Melissa Marek is a graduate of Texas A&M University with degrees in both Nutritional Sciences and Food Science & Technology.  She has experience with recipe analysis for magazines and restaurants as well as with nutrition facts labeling for large corporations and private label companies. She is a registered dietitian at Axxya Systems, makers of Diet Analysis and Food Labeling software products. Contact her at mmarek [at] axxya [dot] com.

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New! Choose a better breakfast with CerealScan™ by Fooducate (It’s Free)

This is a guest blog post by Carol Harvey, director of nutrition labeling at Palate Works.

Nutrition Facts labels look so official in that bold, uniform format. They must be correct… and are verified by FDA, right?

While FDA regulates nutrition labeling, they do not pre-approve nutrition panels, nor do they spend much time looking for inaccurate ones. With thousands of new products hitting the shelves every year, it would take a massively larger FDA budget. The result is something of a labeling Wild West in the food aisles and online.

Nutrition Facts data is generated one of two ways:  database analysis of the recipe (with software), or chemical analysis of an actual sample of the food (in a laboratory). Both have limitations and are not immune to human error, but in the hands of the inexperienced (or deceitful), database analysis is much less reliable. It is also much cheaper than a lab (about 15% of the cost or less), so it tends to be the choice of restaurants and smaller food companies, many of whom do it themselves with no knowledge of labeling regulations, nutrition, or what correct data should look like.

There are many ways that database analysis can result in imprecise, inaccurate, or simply wrong nutrition data. Fortunately, some are obvious enough to spot without plunking down a small fortune for chemical analysis.

Here are six examples of common nutrition label errors: Read more…

“A salad without the dressing is not a salad”, someone famous once said. Or should have said. A good dressing helps accentuate flavors, helps some of those greens go down easier, and as you’ll see in a minute improves the nutritional value of the salad.

If we’re to judge by the hundreds of varieties of dressings available at the supermarket, most shoppers agree. Salad dressings historically include some form of fat, such as olive oil or canola oil as a base. Even a mayonnaise base is actually a form of oil (mixed with raw eggs). In the past few years, many dressings have been re-formulated as fat-free, a means to tempt weight conscious consumers to continue buying them.

What you need to know:

A fat-free salad dressing is actually a bad nutritional decision. You see, a little bit of fat goes a long way in helping the body absorb the nutritional goodness of the salad. This is because some vitamins are fat-soluble. Vitamins A, D, E, and K (ADEK) are absorbed in the intestinal tract with the help of fat molecules. Which means that having a fat free salad dressing will actually decrease the nutrition effectiveness of your salad.

Good sources of vitamin A include carrots, broccoli, kale, and spinach. Vitamin E can be found in asparagus, avocado, eggs, nuts and seeds, and spinach. Vitamin K is present in parsley, cabbage, swiss chard, cauliflower, and brussels sprouts.

So what’s a non-fat dressing made from?

Mostly water. that’s right, you’re paying for water. Additionally, in order to maintain the semblance of an oil based dressing, emulsifiers and thickeners are added. Just look for example at the ingredient list for Kraft’s Fat-Free Italian Dressing:

Ingredients: WATER, VINEGAR, HIGH FRUCTOSE CORN SYRUP, CORN SYRUP, SALT, CONTAINS LESS THAN 2% OFPARMESAN CHEESE* (PART-SKIM MILK, CHEESE CULTURE, SALT, ENZYMES), GARLIC, ONION JUICE, WHEY, PHOSPHORIC ACID, XANTHAN GUM, POTASSIUM SORBATE AND CALCIUM DISODIUM EDTA AS PRESERVATIVES, YEAST EXTRACT, SPICE, RED BELL PEPPERS*, LEMON JUICE CONCENTRATE, GARLIC*, BUTTERMILK*, CARAMEL COLOR, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, ENZYMES, OLEORESIN PAPRIKA. *DRIED.

That’s quite a lengthy list for what should be a simple dressing. Some highlights:
High fructose corn syrup and corn syrup are the 3rd and 4th ingredients, used to round off the flavor of the highly acidic vinegar.

Phosphoric acid is used to add more acidic flavor, but why not add more lemon instead? (answer: it’s cheaper).

Calcium Disodium EDTA is a preservative with a mildly salty taste. It may cause kidney damage, and blood in urine. It’s on the FDA’s priority list for more health effects research.

Folks – this is ridiculous. Nobody in Italy dresses their salad like this. Nor should you. The 20 calories per serving of 2 tablespoon are to be commended, but a 50 or even 100 calorie dressing based on real ingredients such as olive oil, lemon juice and spices will probably serve you better both gastronomically and nutritionally.

What to do at the supermarket:

Here’s a great idea for you. Buy a bottle of good extra virgin olive oil. Also a few lemons.

At home, make your own dressing as follows: in a mixing bowl add equal parts olive oil and fresh squeezed lemon juice. Salt and pepper to taste. Pour over salad and toss just before serving. Forty five seconds tops.

If you’re more courageous, you can try adding any combination of a teaspoon of dijon mustard, a minced clove of garlic, and balsamic vinegar. Sometimes a teaspoon of honey or sugar can help take the acidic bite off, especially if the salad contains strong tasting greens such as arugula.

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Yale University’s Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity presented a report on breakfast cereal this weekend  in Washington DC as part of the annual meeting of the Obesity Society. The findings were not surprising and can be summed up as follows: Manufacturers peddle sugary cereal to kids while painting these cereals as health to parents and nutritionists.

General Mill, one of the big four cereal manufacturers, responded with a letter to health professionals. Below is an excerpt and our commentary in bold:

October 27, 2009

You may have seen or heard reports over the weekend about a cereal study conducted by the Rudd Center for Food and Policy. While the focus of the Rudd Center study is on advertising, it also seems to imply that kid-cereals are linked to obesity in children. We wanted to assure you that all General Mill’s Big G cereals continue to be nutritious and help children and adults maintain a healthy body weight while also meeting key nutrient requirements–this includes presweetened cereals.

Cereal remains a low-calorie, nutrient-dense food contributing positively to the overall nutritional status of children:
•    Kids who frequently eat cereal for breakfast have healthier body weights, have better nutritional status, and are less likely to have weight gain during adolescence. And kids that eat less sweetened cereals probably do even better, don’t they?

•    Cereal is a lower calorie breakfast choice compared to many other foods at only 110-130 calories/serving (and that includes pre-sweetened cereals). Sugar is only 16 calories per teaspoon, does that mean kids 4-6 teaspoons of sugar for breakfast?

•    Cereal is nutrient dense and provides a good or excellent source of at least 10 key nutrients and very few calories. It is only an excellent source because of fortification. The vitamins and minerals are sprayed on the cereal and dissolve into the milk. If your child doesn’t consumer the milk, she does not take in all the nutrients. And who can tell us how bio-available each one of the nutrients is. Lastly, most Americans are not deficient in any of the fortification nutrients to begin with. They are deficient in fiber. Why do kids cereals range in the 0-3 grams when they could be 5or 6 grams worth per serving?

•    Overall, cereals—including presweetened cereals—provide less than 4% of a children’s sugar intake. And according to Coke’s CEO, so do soft drinks. And if we’ll ask Mars Inc CEO, they’ll also point the finger elsewhere. So if nobody is responsible for a big chunk of of our kids’ sugar intake, where is it all coming from?

Juli Hermanson, MPH, RD                    Tamara Schryver, PhD, RD
General Mills Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition    General Mills Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition

Lastly, don’t you get a strange feeling in your stomach when a food company sets up an “Institute of Health”?

What to do at the supermarket:

Breakfast is important. Breakfast cereals can be a great start to the day. But keep the sugar low (less than 6 grams per serving) and the fiber high (5 grams per serving and up).

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The UK’s Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) has banned several print ads promoting Coca Cola’s Glaceau brand of vitamin water. The ads

The Advertising Standards Authority received three complaints, which argued that the ads misleadingly implied that vitamins in the drinks conferred health benefits and made them equivalent, or even superior to, vegetables – and that the drinks made people resistant to illness. Two of the complainants argued that the advertising positioned the drinks as healthy when in fact they contained high levels of sugar.

The ASA upheld all the complaints against the three ads. The watchdog said Coca-Cola had not provided evidence to support the various claims made in the ads and had breached the advertising code. It ruled the company should not run them again. read more

What you need to know:

We examined Glaceau Vitamin Water Nutrient Enhanced Water, Essential, Orange-Carrot (A-Z). A 20 fl. oz. bottle, which most people consume individually is considered two and a half servings. But since most people consume the whole thing, here’s what they are getting:

0 fat, o sodium, 0 protein, a host of vitamins and 33 grams of sugar (!). That’s about 8 teaspoons of sugar to cover up the bitter taste of the vitamins. That adds up to 130 empty calories, all from the sugar.

Why would this be considered healthy? According to Coca Cola:

Although this product is not part of a so-called nutritious breakfast, it does contain many vitamins, and that’s good. After all, who really has time to sit down and eat a bowl of cereal, half a grapefruit, seven pieces of wheat toast and a yogurt while changing lanes on the freeway? Not us.

What to do at the supermarket:

The folks at Glaceau/Coca Cola may want you to think you don’t have time, but that’s not true. If you want to eat healthfully, you need to prioritize. Spend just a few more minutes a day in the kitchen with real sources of vitamins. It’ll be time worth spent.

As for Glaceu’s sugar water, sure it’s a nice treat. But you can save a lot of money by switching to plain ol’ tap water.

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In a press release yesterday, Kellogg’s introduced a branded back to school resource for moms called Mom’s Homeroom:

“Having all the right tools is essential for learning, like knowing what your child’s learning style is so you know how to help them study,” said Victoria Tierney, elementary school teacher and a Mom’s Homeroom mom. “I also know that kids need to be ready to learn, and starting the day with a wholesome breakfast is a great way to start.”

read the entire propoganda…

Whenever we see a brand dominate a “free advice” site, we’re always on guard. We checked out both the website and the products being heavily pushed. Read more…

flickr photo: matski_98

1. It has many names – Tartrazine, E102 , FD&C Yellow 5, C.I. 19140, or just plain Yellow 5.

2. Yellow #5 is a synthetic, water soluble, lemon yellow dye used as a food coloring.

3. A partial list of foods including Yellow #5: cotton candy, soft drinks, energy drinks, instant puddings, flavored tortilla chips such as Doritos, breakfast cereals, cake mixes, pastries, pudding powders, soups, sauces, flavored rices such as paella,  powdered drink mixes, sports drinks, ice cream, ice pops, candy, chewing gum, marzipan, jam, jelly, gelatins, marmalade, mustard, horseradish, yogurt, noodles, and pickles.

4. Yellow #5 is one of the cheapest synthetic colors available, and sold all over the world.

5. The more expensive, natural food colorings are turmeric (a spice) , annatto (tropical tree derivative), betacarotene (think carrots’ orange pigments), or malt color.

6. Various levels of allergic reactions and intolerance reactions have been caused by this food coloring, especially among asthmatics and people with aspirin intolerance.

7. Some studies have linked various immunologic responses to tartrazine ingestion, including anxiety, migraines, clinical depression, blurred vision, itching, general weakness, heatwaves, feeling of suffocation, purple skin patches, and sleep disturbance.

8. Despite mounting evidence, The FDA considers Yellow #5 a safe food coloring. Let it be noted that, in the past, the FDA banned the use of other food colorings. This, after research showed them to be carcinogenic.

9. A major study published in the UK in 2007 linked food colorings with hyperactive behavior in children. As a result, the FSA (UK’s FDA) has called manufacturers to voluntarily ban food colorings in their products. Most companies are obliging,  due to consumer pressure and FSA encouragement.

10. Consumer groups in the US, especially the Center for Science in the Public Interest, have called food colorings, and especially Yellow #5, the “Secret Shame” of Food Industry and Regulators. A ban from all foods is their request.

11. Yellow #5 may also be also found in vitamins, antacids, soaps, cosmetics, shampoos, moisturizers, and crayons.

12. Organic foods may also contain Yellow #5 or other food colorings, because the USDA considers a processed food organic if it as at least 95% organic by weight. Since food colorings are used in tiny amounts, a bran muffin with a touch of artificial yellow is still considered organic.

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flickr photo: Mr. T in DC

Need more vitamins? Get them from real food, not pills. This is the jist of a USA Today article Vitamins get ‘F’ in cancer prevention:

A flotilla of recent studies — including two papers published today — has sunk the notion that individual vitamin supplements prevent cancer.

Researchers have noted for years that populations with healthy diets — lots of vegetables, little junk food — are less likely than others to get cancer, says Peter Gann of the University of Illinois-Chicago, who wrote an editorial accompanying the new papers.

It’s been much more challenging to tease out the specific foods — or even compounds — that keep cells from turning malignant, Gann says. Is it the fish oil? The soy? The lack of red meat?

What you need to know:

For the most part, Americans can get all their daily vitamin and mineral needs by eating healthy balanced meals with plenty of fruits and vegetables. While a multivitamin supplement probably can’t hurt, it is not a replacement for a poor diet. There are, aside from all the known nutrients, many additional benefits of eating real foods that scientists have not even begun to understand. For example, the various interactions between different substances once in the digestive tract or in the bloodstream.

What to do at the supermarket:

Buy real food. Usually found in the store perimeter. Plenty of fruits and vegetables. Whole grains. lean meats. Low fat dairy. prepare meals at home; you’ll do away with preservatives and additives that at best do no harm, but may sometimes be what’s making you sick.

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Flickr photo: Laurel Fan

This is the title of nutrition expert Marion Nestle’s article today in the San Francisco Chronicle:

Foods contain nutrients. If you eat foods, you get nutrients. Somehow, humanity, in all its amazing variation, has survived to the present and is doing pretty well without having to deal with computer printouts of nutrient intakes every day. If we have enough money to eat regularly and decently, we are likely to be living a lot longer and more healthfully than in the past.

But the operative word is “decently,” and that brings us to variety.

Read the full article

What to look for at the supermarket:

Choose minimally processed foods. Look for variety. Try new foods. Combine colors, Make sure you get plenty of fruits and vegetables (fresh or frozen)